Article 20 — Normal residence

1. The place of normal residence shall be regarded as the place where a person usually lives, that is for at least 185 days of the previous 365 days, because of personal and occupational ties, or, in the case of a person with no occupational ties, because of personal ties which show close links between that person and the place where that person is living. However, the place of normal residence of a person whose occupational ties are in a different place from that person’s personal ties, and who consequently lives in turn in different places situated in two or more Member States, shall be regarded as being the place of that person’s personal ties, provided that such person returns there regularly. The person shall not be obliged to comply with this condition if he or she is living in a Member State in order to carry out a task of a definite duration. Attendance at a university or school shall not constitute transfer of normal residence. 2. For the purposes of Article 10(3), point (b), and Article 13(4), the place of normal residence of the staff of diplomatic services of the Union, that is to say officials from relevant departments of the General Secretariat of the Council and of the Commission, as well as staff seconded from Member States’ diplomatic services and any other employee or contractor working for the Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies in the area of external representation and who, in order to be able to perform their contractual duties, have lived at least 181 days in the latest 365 days outside the Union, or staff of diplomatic services of its Member States, or of the members of their families forming part of their households, accredited to third countries shall be considered to be in the territory of the Member State or Member States of issuance of the driving licences that are being renewed or replaced. 3. In exceptional cases, where the holder of a driving licence cannot prove the establishment of his or her normal residence in a given Member State under paragraph 1, the holder may have his or her driving licence renewed or replaced in the Member State of issuance. 4. By way of derogation from Article 10(1), point (e), and for the specific purpose of the first issuance of a category B driving licence, an applicant whose Member State of normal residence is different from that applicant’s Member State of citizenship may have his or her driving licence issued by the latter, where it is not possible in the Member State of normal residence to take either the theory test or the practical test, or both of those tests, in an official language of the Member State of citizenship of the applicant that is also an official language of the Union, or with an interpreter. In accordance with Regulation (EU) 2018/1724, Member States and the Commission shall give users access to information on the languages for which translation or interpretation of theory tests and practical tests is being provided in each Member State.